Kite-making is a Chinese folk handicraft. Historical records show
that the first kite was made in the Spring and Autumn Period. But
it was not a pleasure kite. It was a wooden kite made for military
purposes. Paper kites appeared later.
Kite was called fengzheng in Chinese because in the tenth century,
a person named Li Ye fastened a bamboo whistle to a kite. Flying
high overhead, the whistle sounded like the zheng, a Chinese
musical instrument. Therefore, kites were called fengzheng, feng
meaning wind. Hence the name.
Tianjin is best known for its production of kites. Its most famous
craftsman was "Wei Yuantai", known as "Kite Wei" because he
was a kite-maker for more than 70 years.
The first kite made in China was a butterfly or eagle kite with a rigid framework. The selection was
limited and the craftsmanship was clumsy. But Kite Wei developed over 200 kites with many new
structural designs, such as flat hard-winged, three-dimansional, soft-winged and folding. Folding
kites have a flexible tenon bamboo frame-work secured with glue instead of thread, and reinforced
by a copper ring at every joint. Kites, one to three metres long, in the forms of aeroplanes, birds,
animals or human figures can be folded up and packed in a 30 cm box in a large envelope for easy
carrying or mailing. In 1915, "Wei Yuantai" kites own a gold medal and a certificate of merit at the
Panama-Pacific International Exposition in San Francisco, USA. Kites made by the Wei family are
featured by life-like forms, fine craftsmanship and well-balanced flight. Some of the Wei's creations
include kites in the forms of butterflies, eagles, swallows, peacocks, phoenixes and cranes. More
than fifty varieties of kites made by the Wei's have been exhibited in China and abroad. Later
generations have upheld the heritage of Wei Yuantai. Today Wei Yongchang, the third generation
Wei, is a designer-technician at the Tianjin Arts and Crafts Studio. He has developed more than 50
new designs using the old Wei technique. Beijing is famous for kite-making too. Its kites are made
of paper or silk. All the designs on kites are painted by hand. Beijing kites are also available in great
varieties such as kites in the forms of a dragon, a butterfly, or a character in Chinese classical
works, (like the "Monkey King"). There is a veteran craftsman named Fei Baolin in Beijing Kite Art
Company. Fei has made several hundred kinds of kites in different shapes and sizes. The smallest is
as small as the palm of your hand.
In April of each year the Weifang International Kite Festival is held in Shandong Province. Kite
lovers from all over the world come to Weifang with their specially made kites to compete and take
part in the festivities.
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